Configuring the root password on your Junos OS-enabled router helps prevent unauthorized users from making changes to your network. The root user (also referred to as superuser) has unrestricted access and full permissions within the system, so it is crucial to protect these functions by setting a strong password when setting up a new router. After a new router is initially powered on, you log in as the user root with no password. Junos OS requires configuration of the root password before it accepts a commit operation. On a new device, the root password must always be a part of the configuration submitted with your initial commit.
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To set the root password, you have a few options as shown in Step 1 of the following procedure. Enter a plain-text password that Junos OS encrypts. Enter a password that is already encrypted. Enter a secure shell (ssh) public key string. The most secure options of these three are using an already encrypted password or an ssh public key string. Pre-encrypting your password or using a ssh public key string means the plain-text version of your password will never be transferred over the internet, protecting it from being intercepted by a man-in-the-middle attack.
Best Practice Optionally, instead of configuring the root password at the edit system hierarchy level, you can use a configuration group to strengthen security, as shown in Step 2 of this procedure. This step uses a group called global as an example. To set the root password:. Use one of these methods to configure the root password:.
To enter a plain-text password that the system encrypts for you. Retype new password: retype password here If you use a plain-text password, Junos OS displays the password as an encrypted string so that users viewing the configuration cannot see it. As you enter the password in plain text, Junos OS encrypts it immediately. You do not have to configure Junos OS to encrypt the password as in some other systems. Plain-text passwords are hidden and marked as ## SECRET-DATA in the configuration.
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To enter a password that is already encrypted: Caution Do not use the encrypted-password option unless the password is already encrypted, and you are entering the encrypted version of the password. If you accidentally configure the encrypted-password option with a plain-text password or with blank quotation marks (' '), you will not be able to log in to the device as root, and you will need to complete the root password recovery process.
Hi Ricky, Junos actually does this by default - all passwords are stored in either encrypted or hashed format depending on their usage. You have to remember that some of these protocols use symmetric encryption and the router actually NEEDS to be able to decrypt the key in the config in order to operate the protocol. User authentication uses completely asymmetric encryption - eg: we don't care what the password is as long as the hash matches, so these can be one-way $1$ encrypted - the local box has a salt which it feeds into it's encryption algorithm of choice to generate and compare the hash of the user's password, thus never having to actually store it. Protocols like OSPF however need to transmit information across the network, which means both ends need a common way of decrypting the information, and one that isn't particularly processor intensive - thus the need for reversible/symmetric encryption (and storing keys in a reversible format).
I hope this makes sense!